Protein engineering applications of industrially exploitable enzymes: Geobacillus stearothermophilus LDH and Candida methylica FDH.

نویسندگان

  • N G Karagüler
  • R B Sessions
  • B Binay
  • E B Ordu
  • A R Clarke
چکیده

Enzymes have become important tools in several industries due to their ability to produce chirally pure and complex molecules with interesting biological properties. The NAD(+)-dependent LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) [bsLDH [Geobacillus stearothermophilus (formerly Bacillus stearothermophilus) LDH] from G. stearothermophilus and the NAD(+)-dependent FDH (formate dehydrogenase) [cmFDH (Candida methylica FDH)] enzyme from C. methylica are particularly crucial enzymes in the pharmaceutical industry and are related to each other in terms of NADH use and regeneration. LDH catalyses the interconversion of pyruvate (oxo acid) and lactate (alpha-hydroxy acid) using the NADH/NAD(+) pair as a redox cofactor. Employing LDH to reduce other oxo acids can generate chirally pure alpha-hydroxy acids of use in the production of pharmaceuticals. One important use of FDH is to regenerate the relatively expensive NADH cofactor that is used by NAD(+)-dependent oxidoreductases such as LDH. Both LDH and FDH from organisms of interest were previously cloned and overproduced. Therefore they are available at a low cost. However, both of these enzymes show disadvantages in the large-scale production of chirally pure compounds. We have applied two routes of protein engineering studies to improve the properties of these two enzymes, namely DNA shuffling and site-directed mutagenesis. Altering the substrate specificity of bsLDH by DNA shuffling and changing the coenzyme specificity of cmFDH by site-directed mutagenesis are the most successful examples of our studies. The present paper will also include the details of these examples together with some other applications of protein engineering regarding these enzymes.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Molecular Engineering of the Geobacillus stearothermophilus α-Amylase and Cel5E from Chlostridium thermocellim; In Silico Approach

Background: Considering natural thermal stability, Geobacillus stearothermophilus amylase and Cel5E from Clostridium thermocellum are good candidates for industrial applications. To be compatible with the industrial applications, this enzyme should be stable in the high temperatures, so any improvement in their thermal stability is valuable.Objectives: Us...

متن کامل

Highly stable and reusable immobilized formate dehydrogenases: Promising biocatalysts for in situ regeneration of NADH

This study aimed to prepare robust immobilized formate dehydrogenase (FDH) preparations which can be used as effective biocatalysts along with functional oxidoreductases, in which in situ regeneration of NADH is required. For this purpose, Candida methylica FDH was covalently immobilized onto Immobead 150 support (FDHI150), Immobead 150 support modified with ethylenediamine and then activated w...

متن کامل

Comparative characterization of silver nanoparticles synthesized by spore extract of Bacillus subtilis and Geobacillus stearothermophilus

Objective(s): Silver nanostructures have gathered remarkable attention due to their applications in diversefields. Researchers have recently demonstrated that bacterial spores are capable of reducing silver ions toelemental silver leading to formation of nanoparticles.Materials and Methods: In this study, spores of Bacillus subtilis and Geobacillus stearothermophilus wereemployed to produce sil...

متن کامل

Protein engineering by random mutagenesis and structure-guided consensus of Geobacillus stearothermophilus Lipase T6 for enhanced stability in methanol.

The abilities of enzymes to catalyze reactions in nonnatural environments of organic solvents have opened new opportunities for enzyme-based industrial processes. However, the main drawback of such processes is that most enzymes have a limited stability in polar organic solvents. In this study, we employed protein engineering methods to generate a lipase for enhanced stability in methanol, whic...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Biochemical Society transactions

دوره 35 Pt 6  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2007